井水位破年变异常是中强震前中短期异常的重要表现形式，但降雨、地下水开采等因素也会引起水位年变动态的改变。本文利用动态年周期方法识别出2000 ～ 2013 年昌黎井水位破年变异常，结果显示，2010、2012 年该井水位破年变是与地震活动有关的前兆异常，其他时段的水位破年变异常多为降雨、井孔条件改变、附近井孔抽水等因素引起，表明该井水位异常可以为震情判定提供依据。

Anomalous annual variation of well water has higher prediction efficiency in moderately strong earthquakes，but factors such as rainfall，groundwater exploitation can also cause dynamic change of water levels． In this paper，the method of dynamic annual period is used to identify anomalous annual variation of water level in Changli well，from 2000 to 2013． The result shows that anomalous annual variations in 2012 and 2013 are related to earthquake precursory anomaly，the anomalous annual variations in other times are mainly caused by rainfall， well observation condition changes，or groundwater exploitation． This shows anomalous annual variation can be the basis for earthquake situation judgment．

河北省地震科技星火计划项目(201308)和河北省地震局地震科研基金项目(2012026)资助