机载激光雷达技术在地质灾害调查中的应用——以四川九寨沟7.0级地震为例

Application of Airborne LiDAR Technology in Geological Disaster Investigation-Taking the Jiuzhaigou MS7.0 Earthquake in Sichuan Province as an Example

摘要:

九寨沟7.0级地震诱发的地质灾害具有高位滑坡远程灾害的特点，传统地质灾害排查手段无法有效解决隐患的早期识别问题。本文采用机载激光雷达测量技术，快速获取九寨沟地震核心景区的激光点云数据。通过构建高精度数字高程模型（DEM）、数字正射影像图（DOM），建立三维地质灾害解译场景，利用数字地形分析、地形形态学分析和计算机图像识别等技术，综合开展九寨沟高位远程区域内隐蔽性强、随机性大的地质灾害隐患早期识别与分析。应用实践表明，机载激光雷达测量技术可以提高九寨沟地震灾区地质灾害隐患的早期识别能力，对进一步提高综合防灾减灾能力提供了一些可借鉴的思路。

关键词:九寨沟地震;机载激光雷达;高位远程;地质灾害调查

Abstract:

The geological disasters induced by the M_S7.0 earthquake of Jiuzhaigou also have the characteristics of ridge-top(or high-position)and long runout. Traditional disaster investigation methods cannot effectively solve the early identification of those hazards. This article used Airborne LiDAR measurement technology to quickly obtain laser point cloud data of the core area of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake. Through the construction of high-precision Digital Elevation Model(DEM)and Digital Orthophoto Map(DOM),a three-dimensional geological disaster interpretation scene was established. Digital terrain analysis,topographic morphology analysis and computer image detection techniques were adopted to comprehensively develop high mountains in the Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area. Comprehensively identify and analyze the hidden dangers of geological hazards with high concealment and randomness in the ridge-top(or high-position)and long runout areas of Jiuzhaigou. Application practice shows that Airborne LiDAR measurement technology can improve the early identification ability of geological hazards in the earthquake-affected area of Jiuzhaigou,and provided some ideas for further improving the comprehensive ability of disaster prevention and reduction.

Key words:Jiuzhaigou earthquake;Airborne LiDAR;High remote;Geological disaster investigation