天然地震识别与震相自动拾取技术进展

Seismic Phase Identification Associated with the Automatic Pickup Technology and Its Application

摘要:

震相拾取是地震数据处理过程中最基本的步骤之一。在传统的人工拾取技术不能满足庞大的地震数据处理需求的情况下，震相自动拾取技术从产生到发展至今经历了漫长的过程。本文回顾并总结了震相自动拾取技术的发展状况，重点介绍了长短时窗法、赤池准则法、模板匹配技术、基于自相关盲搜索的FAST法、S波偏振分析法、人工智能方法等，以及近年发展起来的多频率震相识别、全波形叠加、二次方自回归模型等方法，同时分析了每种方法的优势和局限性。

Abstract:

Seismic phase pickup is one of the most basic steps in the process of seismic data processing. When the earlier artificial pickup technology obviously could not satisfy the huge demand in seismic data processing,the technology of automatic pick-up of seismic phase emerged as a solution and has undergone a long development. Based on a global perspective,this paper reviews and summarizes the development and current status of automatic phase picking technology. According to the course of its development,the most basic STA-LTA method,AIC method,the widely used matched filter technique,the FAST method based on self-correlation blind search,the polarization analysis method for picking up S-wave,neural network method,and some new methods in recent years like the Filter Picking method and so on are respectively introduced. The advantages and limitations of each method are summarized and analyzed. This will pave the way for further development of automatic picking technology for seismic event in the future.