自20世纪80年代中期以来,GNSS技术在高精度地壳运动观测与构造形变研究中取得了丰硕的成果,为大地测量、地球动力学研究和防震减灾等诸多领域的业务深化和应用拓展提供了强大的技术支撑。本文在回顾中国大陆地壳形变GNSS站网发展历程的基础上,阐述该网络产出的中国大陆长期构造运动速度场、中国大陆应变率场、位移时间序列、基线时间序列和多边形应变时间序列等几类基础产品,分析这些产品在中国大陆构造运动动态趋势和地震预测分析中的应用情况以及所面临的瓶颈问题,最后展望未来GNSS在高精度地壳运动监测应用中的发展方向。以中国大陆构造环境监测网络为基础,大力推进国内海量GNSS观测数据的共享,提升GNSS多系统融合定位精度,将产出更为精细的科学产品,更好地服务于中国大陆地壳运动和地震预测分析等研究。

Since the 1980s,GNSS technology has made rich achievements in high-precision crustal movement observation and tectonic deformation research,which provides strong technical support for application expansion in many fields such as geodesy,geodynamic research,earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. This paper reviews the development of the GNSS network of crustal deformation in Chinese Mainland,and expounds several basic products produced by the network,such as the long-term tectonic movement velocity field in Chinese Mainland,the strain rate field in Chinese Mainland,the displacement time series,the baseline time series and the polygonal strain time series. We analyzed the application of these products in the dynamic trend of tectonic movement in Chinese Mainland and earthquake prediction,as well as the bottleneck problems faced. Finally,the application of GNSS in high-precision crustal movement monitoring in the future is prospected. Based on the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC),developing the sharing of massive domestic GNSS observation data and improving the fusion positioning accuracy of multi-GNSS will produce more sophisticated scientific products,which can better serve the research of crustal movement in Chinese Mainland and earthquake prediction.

国家自然科学基金(42004010)、国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1503606、2016YFB0501900)和北京市自然科学基金(8204077)共同资助