基于2021年、2022年中国5.0级及以上地震目录,结合应急管理部、有关省(自治区、直辖市)地震局的地震灾害评估报告和相关资料,对中国大陆地震灾害情况、主要地震灾害事件及其特点进行了总结和分析。此外,按省份总结了各省地震灾害事件及地震灾害特点。其中,云南省中强震多、强震少,震区房屋抗震能力较高,人员伤亡较小; 四川省中强震少、强震多,次生灾害较为发育,造成严重人员伤亡; 青海省虽然震级高、破坏性强、致灾范围广,但震区地广人稀,房屋抗震设防等级较高,人员伤亡少。最后,结合历史震害统计数据,分析对比近2年中国大陆地震灾害致灾特点。

Based on the statistics of the earthquake catalogue of magnitude 5.0 and above in China in 2021 and 2022,and in combination with the earthquake disaster assessment reports and relevant data of the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China and the Seismological Bureau of the relevant province(autonomous region,municipality directly under the central government),we summarized and analyzed the situation and characteristics of earthquake disasters,major earthquake disaster events and their characteristics in Chinese mainland. The earthquake disaster events and situations were classified by provinces,and the characteristics of the earthquake disasters in each province were summarized as follows:Many moderate earthquakes but few strong earthquakes occurred in Yunnan Province,which is of high seismic resistance of buildings in earthquake areas,and small casualties. In contrast,fewer moderate but relatively more strong earthquakes occurred in Sichuan Province,with relatively high secondary disasters,causing serious casualties. On the other hand,because of widely and sparsely populated with high seismic fortification levels for buildings in Qinghai Province,even with a high magnitude,strong destructiveness,and a wide range of disasters,the casualties caused by earthquake is relatively low. Finally,combined with the historical earthquake damage statistics,this paper analyzed and compared the characteristics of earthquake disaster in mainland China in the past two years.

P315

河北省地震灾害防御与风险评价重点实验室开放基金面上基金项目(FZ223101)资助