地震预警信息服务的时效性分析与探讨

Timeliness Analysis of Earthquake Early Warning Information Services

摘要:

破坏性地震发生后,高效的地震预警服务对于降低人员伤亡、减少地震造成的损失至关重要。预警服务的时效性,定义为从地震发生时刻至地震警报 (一般指地震预警系统发出的第一报) 发出的时间差。时效性是地震预警系统工程的重要评估指标,其关系到地震预警的盲区大小和为地震预警区提供的避险逃生时间,即预警时间的长短。因此,缩小地震警报的用时,优化和控制时延是地震预警系统最重要的技术。本文探讨了地震预警的原理及其工程架构,重点分析影响预警时效性的关键因素,并据此提出控制预警时效性的策略和关键保障方法。

Abstract:

Following a destructive earthquake,timely and effective early warning is essential for reducing casualties and mitigating damage. In this study,warning timeliness is defined as the time interval between the onset of the earthquake—or the arrival of the first seismic wave—and the issuance of the initial alert by the earthquake early warning (EEW) system. As a critical metric for evaluating EEW system performance,timeliness directly affects the size of the warning blind zone and the time available for evacuation within the warning region. Thus,minimizing alert latency and optimizing delay control are central technical challenges in EEW systems. This paper investigates the fundamental principles and system architecture of EEW,with particular emphasis on the key factors influencing warning timeliness. Based on this analysis,it proposes strategies and core methodologies for controlling and improving timeliness. Furthermore,practical recommendations and measures are presented to ensure the efficiency and reliability of EEW systems,thereby enhancing their overall effectiveness in disaster risk reduction.